Very interesting thank you, the following might be some reasons why God caused the division.
After the biblical flood, people began to repopulate the earth. But instead of distributing throughout the world, they concentrated into a single region and decided to build the tower of babel. Under the rulership of Nimrod, a large group of individuals began construction of a tower. It makes one think of the pyramids which was a colossal waste of time. The pyramids are an excellent example man’s extreme hubris. It took years to construct each pyramid, using slavery to accomplish it. Why did the pharohs have so much pride in such an offensive construction project ? Did the pyramids benefit Egyptian community as a whole ? No. It was simply a construction project of extreme vanity. It was a waste of time, energy and resources.
Similarly the tower of babel was a colossal waste of time. The mission statement of this construction project, was to show others (and God) that man could attain greatness by himself, and that he doesn’t need God. The tower was a metaphor for the idea that man could reach heaven without God’s help. Such is the hubris of man. The word “babel” means another gate/God, which is a metaphor for another way into heaven. Instead of relying upon the Lord to get into heaven, the tower of babel symbolized the idea of another way of sneaking into heaven, by man’s works and not by the works of the Lord (by His grace, through Jesus Christ). Clearly there is no backdoor into heaven. There is only one way into heaven, and that is by Father God’s grace, through the redemptive works of Jesus Christ on the cross. It is Jesus’ final atoning sacrifice on the cross that erases all of our sins, thereby allowing us to enter into heaven.
So in response, God confounded their languages and caused them to disperse throughout the world. Why do this ? Recall in the Garden of Eden, Adam and Eve were removed from the Garden of Eden. They were expelled because they desired to be more than they are, to become as gods. We see in this lust for power, a parallel with the devil (satan) who wanted to not only be God, but also be higher than God. This theme is found throughout the biblical accounts. Man not being content with what he has, and always lusting and coveting for more. The tower of babel, reveals the dangers of a single human authority figure.
All of the people were under a single dictator (Nimrod). So that if that dictator became evil, then evil would disseminate throughout all people. However, as the people formed into nations and distributed across the world, under multiple leaders and kings, this made it much more difficult for the entire world to become evil via a single corrupt leader. This is the same reason why Jesus called for the formation of multiple, independent churches not under a single authority. This would help prevent the corruption of all churches, by poisoning a single authority that dictates all churches under a single authority structure. We see this mechanism with the U.S. Constitution, where we have checks and balances built into the construct of government power.